GASTRIC CANCER
What is Gastric Cancer?
It is the abnormal uncontrolled growth of cells lining the stomach.
The stomach plays a very important role in food digestion. Food passes from the esophagus to the stomach where it is mixed and digested.
What Are the Types of Gastric Cancer?
- Gastric Cancer (Adenocarcinoma): This is the most common type. It starts from the epithelium lining the stomach and can begin anywhere in the stomach. Important Feature: It can spread to the abdominal cavity, ovaries, and lymph nodes before liver, lungs, bones, and brain.
- Gastric Lymphoma
- Gastric Sarcoma
- Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Stomach
Why Does Gastric Cancer Develop? (Risk Factors)
- check_circleAge is the most important factor
- check_circleTwice as common in men than women
- check_circleH.Pylori infection (bacteria causing stomach ulcers)
- check_circleFamily history of Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer
- check_circleFamilial colon polyps
- check_circleMore common in people of Asian origin
- check_circleDiet rich in salt
- check_circlePrevious surgery, Pernicious Anemia, Achlorhydria
- check_circleOccupational chemical exposure (smoke, varnish, polish)
- check_circleSmoking and Alcohol
- check_circleExcess Weight
Symptoms
- • Indigestion after eating
- • Inability to eat
- • Abdominal pain
- • Diarrhea - constipation
- • Loss of appetite
- • Regurgitation of food
- • Weight loss
- • Weakness
- • Vomiting
- • Unexplained weight loss
Diagnostic Methods
- Gastroscopy with Endoscopy
- Pathological examination of biopsy taken during gastroscopy
- Tumor markers (PDL-1) and MSI (Microsatellite Instability)
- Endo US (Endoscopic Ultrasound)
- PET-CT
- Laparoscopy
Staging (Japanese Classification)
Classified according to lymph node involvement of the stomach. Even pre-cancer early stage is classified as Gastric Cancer. Surgery is planned according to the Japanese system.
Gastric Cancer Treatment
Diagnostic Laparoscopy
If free cancer cells are observed or if complete surgery is not possible, Hot Chemotherapy or PIPAC and Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy with Systemic Chemotherapy is applied.
Surgery and Hot Chemotherapy
If complete surgical removal is possible, the surgery is completed and Hot Chemotherapy can be added.
Drug Administration
Afterward, medication is applied to the abdomen and systemically based on the pathology results.
medical_servicesHot Chemotherapy and PIPAC (Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy)
If Gastric Cancer has spread outside the stomach into the abdominal cavity, proven effective Hot Chemotherapy andPIPAC are recommended. These peritoneal treatments are advanced treatments applied in Europe, America, and Japan, and by us in our country.
Radiotherapy
Can be used before surgery if the disease is at the stomach origin and has spread to surrounding tissues and lymph nodes, and after surgery if there is recurrence in a small area following chemotherapy.